The Earth is the Lord's,
and the fulness thereof;
www.Christ.com
and the fulness thereof;
www.Christ.com
Biblical Greek: Diphthongs
This section describes the "diphthong", which is a combination of two vowels.
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The Earth is the Lord's,
and the fulness thereof;
www.Christ.com |
Biblical Greek: Diphthongs |
This section describes the "diphthong", which is a combination of two vowels.
|
|
Greek Pronunciation Guide: Diphthongs:Diphthongs:In lesson one, we presented the Greek alphabet, and defined the vowels and consonants. Recall that the Greek vowels are a, e, h, i, o, u, w. We also gave pronunciations for each of the vowels and consonants. In lesson two, we discussed the nasal gamma, for which the double gamma gg is the most common example. In the nasal gamma we have a double consonant, where the consonant pair takes on a sound that is different when used in combination from the sound of the individual consonants. In this section, we will discuss the pronunciation of double vowel combinations known as diphthongs.A diphthong is two vowels which combine to produce a single distinct sound, acting as a single unit. Notice that the second vowel of the diphthong is always an iota, i, or an upsilon, u. In Biblical Greek, we are concerned with seven diphthongs, which should be memorized. Notice in the following table, that we introduce the G/K number in addition to the Strong's numbers. The Goodrick/Kohlenberger numbers (G/K) are used for the most up-to-date Greek manuscripts (UBS4), which use the earlier Greek sources (the new bible translations like NIV, NASB, etc. are based on earlier sources).
There are a few things worth noting in the above table. When we list a word count (occurrence), it is for all inflected forms of the word. Words in Greek have various forms, like tense (past, present...), mood, gender, etc. The word counts from Trenchard (see book section) are for the lexical form of a word and all its inflections. The lexical form is the form listed in a lexicon (dictionary). The various forms of a word are called inflections. We will discuss lexical form and inflections in a later section. In the table, all example Greek words are in their lexical form, except for the last example, hujfravnqh. This is a verb in the aorist tense, passive voice, indicative mood, third person singular... OK, we are jumping ahead of ourselves here... We will talk about tense, voice, mood, person, and number in a later lesson. For now, it is only worth noting that we had to find a special form of the word rejoice to illustrate the diphthong hu. If you are interested, the lexical form (the form listed in lexicons, or dictionaries) of the word hujfravnqh is eufrainw (look it up if you have a Greek lexicon). Another interesting fact about the word hujfravnqh is that it is found in Acts 2:26, in the 1881 Westcott and Hort Greek text, but not in the 1991 Byzantine Greek text or the 1550/1884 Textus Receptus: Examples from Acts 2:26: "Rejoice"Lexical form:
eufrainw
1881 Westcott and Hort Greek text:hufranqh1991 Byzantine Greek text:eufranqh1550/1884 Textus Receptus:eufranqhActs 2:26: "Rejoice" in Context1881 Westcott and Hort Greek text:dia touto hufranqh mou h kardia kai hgalliasato h glwssa mou eti de kai h sarx mou kataskhnwsei ep elpidi1991 Byzantine Greek text:dia touto eufranqh h kardia mou kai hgalliasato h glwssa mou eti de kai h sarx mou kataskhnwsei ep elpidi1550/1884 Textus Receptus:dia touto eufranqh h kardia mou kai hgalliasato h glwssa mou eti de kai h sarx mou kataskhnwsei ep elpidiIf you would like to see an interlinear version on the net, try the following links. Note that the Blue Letter Bible version has an error in the Westcott and Hort Greek text. Link to Acts 2:26 at BibleStudyTools.com: Acts 2:26 Link to Acts 2:26 at Blue Letter Bible: You may need to click around in the "Tools" section after getting to a passage in a given translation. Click "Interlinear" in the tools section to view Greek translations. It is a great tool collection. The Blue Letter Bible also offers side by side comparison of the 1881 Westcott-Hort greek text and the 1550 Textus Receptus in addition to other comparisons. Acts 2:26 In our next lesson, we will cover the iota subscript (the improper diphthong), and the diaeresis mark. After the next lesson we will begin the real work, building a vocabulary, and learning grammar! God bless you, Job. |
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